It is more common in online writing, although using CSS to create the spacing by kerning is more semantically appropriate in Web typography than inserting extraneous spacing characters. "Today," said the Prime Minister, "I feel free from care and anxiety." When quoted material runs more than one paragraph, start each new paragraph with opening quotation marks, but do not use closing quotation marks until the end of the passage. [18][19], In all major forms of English, question marks, exclamation marks, semicolons, and any other punctuation (with the possible exceptions of periods and commas, as explained in the sections below) are placed inside or outside the closing quotation mark depending on whether they are part of the quoted material.[20]. Asterisks also take the place of bullets, frame a word or phrase to represent italic or boldface type when it is not available, and appear in a group of three centered on a page to denote a major narrative transition. Out-of-the-box behavior on macOS and iOS is to make this conversion. Last Updated: March 4, 2020 During the Renaissance, quotations were distinguished by setting in a typeface contrasting with the main body text (often italic type with roman, or the other way around). The method for producing smart quotes may be based solely on the character preceding the mark; if it is a space or another of a set of hard-coded characters, the mark is rendered as an opening quote on the assumption that such a mark would never occur inside or after a word; and if not, it is rendered as a closing quote or apostrophe. Because typewriter and computer keyboards lack keys to directly enter typographic quotation marks, much of typed writing has neutral quotation marks. Python) both are used interchangeably. It is the style recommended by the Modern Language Association's MLA Style Manual, the American Psychological Association's APA Publication Manual, the University of Chicago's The Chicago Manual of Style, the American Institute of Physics's AIP Style Manual, the American Medical Association's AMA Manual of Style, the American Political Science Association's APSA Style Manual, the Associated Press' The AP Guide to Punctuation, and the Canadian Public Works' The Canadian Style.[30]. [25][26][27][28][29] The American style is used by most newspapers, publishing houses, and style guides in the United States and, to a lesser extent, Canada as well. HTML includes a set of entities for curved quotes: ‘ (left single), ’ (right single or apostrophe), ‚ (low 9 single), “ (left double), ” (right double), and „ (low 9 double). 141-143, Правопис на македонскиот литературен јазик, Б. Видеоски, Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan“, Îndreptar ortografic, ortoepic și de punctuație, ediția a V-a, Univers Enciclopedic, București, 1995, This system follows the rules laid down in section 5.10 of the orthography guide, Wikipedia:Manual of Style § Quotation marks, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Dictionary of Australasian Biography, page 290, "Deux-points et guillemets : le " procès-verbal, "Conseils de typographie: Les guillemets", "Guillemets anglais ou guillemets français – Un choix graphique, aussi", "The English Project's History of English Punctuation", "Why do periods and commas go inside quotation marks in MLA style? The rules set forth in this section are customary in the United States. Quotation marks are used for components, such as chapter titles in a book, individual episodes of a TV series, songs from a Broadway show or a music album, titles of articles or essays in print or online, and shorter works such as short stories and poems. Guillemet marks pointing outwards are used for definitions (mainly in scientific publications and dictionaries), as well as for enclosing spoken lines and indirect speech, especially in poetic texts.[69]. Single quotes are more usual in the United Kingdom, Ireland and South Africa, though double quotes are also common there. “Hal”, said Frank, “everything is going extremely well.”. You can also use quotation marks for titles to indicate it is part of a larger work. Prime he asked his guests. They are also used to indicate that the meaning of the word or phrase they surround should be taken to be different from (or, at least, a modification of) that typically associated with it (e.g. The character sets for Windows and Macintosh used two different pairs of values for curved quotes, while ISO 8859-1 (historically the default character set for the Unixes and older Linux systems) has no curved quotes, making cross-platform and -application compatibility difficult. "Now, I don't even try.". For the official Unicode website, please go to www.unicode.org. Examples: Example: "Will you still be my friend?" They are used to set off exact language, spoken or written, that has come from someone else. In Eastern Europe, the curved quotation marks, „…“, are used as a secondary level when the angular marks, «…» are used as a primary level. Dagger The title of the song was "Gloria," which many already knew. Some examples include: In Italian, Catalan, Portuguese, Spanish, Ukrainian, Russian, Polish, Bulgarian, Georgian, Romanian, Lithuanian and Hungarian, the reporting clause in the middle of a quotation is separated with two additional dashes (also note that the initial quotation dash is followed by a single whitespace character as well as the fact that the additional quotation dashes for the middle main clause after the initial quotation dash are all with a single whitespace character on both of their sides): In Finnish, on the other hand, a second dash is added when the quote continues after a reporting clause:[79]. When quoted text is interrupted, such as with the phrase he said, a closing quotation mark is used before the interruption, and an opening quotation mark after. In Bulgarian, Icelandic, Estonian, Lithuanian, and Russian, single quotation marks are not used. In Bulgarian, Icelandic, Estonian, Lithuanian, and Russian, single quotation marks are not used. She said, "Hello, world." Regarding their appearance, there are two types of quotation marks: The closing single quotation mark is identical in form to the apostrophe and similar to the prime symbol. It is also similar to the use of quotation marks in many other languages (including Portuguese, Spanish, French, Italian, Catalan, Dutch and German). [4], The double quotation mark derives from a marginal notation used in fifteenth-century manuscript annotations to indicate a passage of particular importance (not necessarily a quotation); the notation was placed in the outside margin of the page and was repeated alongside each line of the passage. [6] During the seventeenth century this treatment became specific to quoted material, and it grew common, especially in Britain, to print quotation marks (now in the modern opening and closing forms) at the beginning and end of the quotation as well as in the margin; the French usage (see under Specific language features below) is a remnant of this.
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