Hipparchus of Nicaea (/ h ɪ ˈ p ɑːr k ə s /; Greek: Ἵππαρχος, Hipparkhos; c. 190 – c. 120 BC) was a Greek astronomer, geographer, and mathematician.He is considered the founder of trigonometry but is most famous for his incidental discovery of precession of the equinoxes.. Hipparchus was born in Nicaea, Bithynia, and probably died on the island of Rhodes, Greece. He had no answer to this, and he tried to pull up her cloak. “Do I appear to you to have come to a wrong decision, if I devote that time to philosophy, which I otherwise should have spent at the loom?” quipped Hipparchia, chastising the renowned Theodorus the Atheist publicly at a symposium. And when he wanted to lie down with her in public, and she...pulled over her cloak as a cover, she was scolded by her husband: "obviously you are not yet wise," he said, "since you don't dare to do in the presence of others what you know well to be the right thing to do.". She was a philosopher of the Hellenistic age of Ancient Greece and flourished around 328 BCE. Teacher and Staff Rights. Hipparchia was one such woman. Since enacting FERPA in 1974, Con-gress has strengthened privacy safeguards of education records through this law, refining and clarifying family rights and agency responsibilities to protect those rights. Crates, apprehensive that a woman following a Cynic lifestyle would be chastised and face immense adversities, vainly attempted to dissuade Hipparchia from becoming his student. 2. Even if you have a voucher, a private school doesn’t have to admit your child like a public school does. One anecdote states, she lived to a ripe old age and died of natural causes, continuing to propagate Cynicism till the end. Free delivery on millions of items with Prime. The human rights to education and gender equality were both violated by this action. However, despite progress, women and girls continue to face multiple barriers based on gender and its intersections with other factors, such as age, ethnicity, poverty, and disability, in the equal enjoyment of the right to quality education. Proudly owned by Aatman Innovations Pvt. Hipparchia and Crates had two children, a girl and later, a boy. As a parent, you have the right to review your child's education records and to request changes under limited circumstances. The Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English defines responsibilities as – “something that you ought to do because it is morally or socially right.”. Does the disability cause an educational impact to his or her education? But if you can't tell your parents, you have a right to go to court and ask the judge to drop the parental notification requirement in your particular case. Allured as she was to Crates’ teachings, Hipparchia heard the debate discreetly and was overwhelmed by the vivacious manner of the teacher and his teachings. Hipparchia embraced the Cynic lifestyle of living like a dog, shamelessly and with scant regard for local mores, with fervent ardour. The two then engaged in an acrimonious debate. Metrocles invited Crates and some of his fellow-students to one such event at his home, during which a blithe debate between Crates and his students was held spontaneously. Under FERPA, parents have the right to inspect and review their child’s education records and schools are expected to respond within 45 days of the information request. Hipparchia was born in an aristocratic family of Thrace, in the city of Maroneia, around 330BC. If Theodorus slaps himself he does nothing wrong, therefore if Hipparchia slaps Theodorus she does nothing wrong either.” There are numerous legends surrounding her death. Parents have a right to disagree with the school’s decisions concerning assistive technology. She would be seen frequently on streets of Athens carrying some goods balanced precariously over her head. It was this value of anaideia which led husband and wife to having sex in public. If Theodorus slaps himself he does nothing wrong, therefore if Hipparchia slaps Theodorus she does nothing wrong either. He had no reply wherewith to meet the argument, but tried to strip her of her cloak. Mary Wollstonecraft is sometimes called the "mother of feminism," as her main goal was to see women gain access to segments of society largely off-limits to them in the 18th century. During the Hellenistic era, the common tradition was for wealthy students to host at their residence, their teacher and peers for a dinner and symposium. So, here is an ocean of knowledge, both in English and Hindi encompassing every detail and each facet of human life which ‘one must know’ in order to grow and attain the summits of success. Hipparchia, on the other hand, showed no outward reaction to Theodorus’ ignominious act. Hipparchia secretly dreamed of meeting Crates some day. And when he said to her: While women in fifth-century Athens lacked legal, political and educational rights, in the Hellenistic period women's position improved: they gained economic and legal rights (though few political ones); and they could buy, own and sell goods and property and bequeath them to others. Education Theory. Students to whom the rights have transferred are "eligible students." This verbal joust occurred in ancient Athens between Theodorus, a great ancient philosopher renowned for his impiety and Hipparchia, the wife of Crates, a popular Cynic from the Hellenistic era. As a teenager, Hipparchia was fascinated by Crates’ teachings, though she had never seen him or heard him preach. Is a Student Health Clinic a Covered Entity under HIPAA? to provide the individual (or the individual’s personal representative) with a copy of the individual’s Simply put, any duties or obligations that a person must do are his or her responsibilities. Reproductive rights is a very serious issue, and groups like the ACLU are working hard to make sure no woman or girl loses her rights to a safe and legal abortion if she decides to have one. Schools are also generally prohibited from sharing student PII without written consent from the parent or guardian. Hipparchia was born in an aristocratic family of Thrace, in the city of Maroneia, around 330BC.Thrace, during her era, was a Grecian territory.Renowned Greek historian and chronicler Diogenes Laertius, in his epic ‘Lives and Thoughts of Eminent Philosophers’ states, Hipparchia’s parents apparently migrated to Athens in or around 335BC. It is debated whether such an act actually occurred since some historians claim Crates used his worn-out cloak to cover themselves and the pretence was to initiate Hipparchia into the Cynic lifestyle. Summary An increase in school enrolments from 40 to 60 percent is applauded as a success, not recorded as a violation of the right to education of … (Sources: The Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers (1853), Diogenes Laertius; "Dog-love-dog: Kynogamia and Cynic Sexual Ethics", in Sex in Antiquity (2015), edited by Mark Masterson, Nancy Sorkin Rabinowitz and James Robson). If a student is attending a postsecondary institution - at any age - the rights under FERPA have transferred to the student. This verbal spat had some truly quaint aspects: Hipparchia, with her famous quote, had just inadvertently laid the foundation for what was to become the famous ‘Women’s Liberation’ movement some 2,500 years later. Reproductive rights is a very serious issue, and groups like the ACLU are working hard to make sure no woman or girl loses her rights to a safe and legal abortion if she decides to have one. Theodorus, wanting to outwit a woman, commented it was his right to practice philosophy. If you are to be my wife of mine, you must adopt this lifestyle,”said Crates as he cautioned Hipparchia about the insidious dangers of a Cynic’s life in perspective of the opulent lifestyle as an aristocrat’s daughter and prospective wife of a nobleman. This and many other stories were told of Hipparchia. We are confident that this portal will help bring change in people across the world. Enter your e-mail and password to access account. Because, other than her distinction as being Crates’ spouse and a self- proclaimed Cynic, she was also renowned for invading what were hitherto male-only domains while demanding gender equality in almost every sphere of life ranging from decorous behaviour in public to participation in male dominated areas. IDEA serves to provide protection for you by making sure that your state (through your local school district) is providing a Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) for you. Historian Diogenes Laertius mentions, Hipparchia was overwhelmed to an extent, she could no longer bear her excitement. And after admittance, they can expel your child for poor behavior or academic performance. Donate Now. If not for FERPA, HIPAA Would Apply to a Student Health Clinic a. She succumbed to the illness aged about 80 years or more. As usual, all thinkers present were men. The event pays tribute to Malala Yousafazi, an astonishingly brave 15 year old girl who survived an assassination attempt for her determined efforts to defend girls’ education in Paskistan, after the Taliban outlawed schools for girls in her native Swat Valley. Left with a Hobson’s choice, Crates showed her his tattered cloak and his almost empty rucksack with his meagre belongings, which included a bowl and some lupine seeds for soup. Other times, pain may be coming from other surrounding causes. The witty remark enraged the pompous Theodorus immensely: He attempted to disrobe Hipparchia in the presence of other thinkers and the audience. Although we might not often hear of them, women were present in most of the schools of Greek philosophy. She was unafraid to challenge the men around her, and at a supper being held by Lysimachus, Hipparchia confronted another philosopher, Theodorus, the atheist, proclaiming wittily that: What Theodorus could not be called wrong for doing, that same thing Hipparchia ought not to be called wrong for doing. Now Theodorus does no wrong when he strikes himself: therefore neither does Hipparchia do wrong when she strikes Theodorus. These include academic freedom, artistic expression, the rights of association … FERPA gives parents certain rights with respect to their children's education records. To be a woman and a philosopher might have a longer history than we think, but it has rarely been easy. The most important elements to remember when advocating for yourself or a child are that students Her affront was appreciated by other thinkers. He eventually left the Lyceum to study under Crates, who had carved a niche for himself among all thinkers as an urbane Cynic. Undaunted by the refusals and persuasions, Hipparchia threw a tantrum at the gathering, threatening to either end her life or flee home to join Crates, regardless of whatever inherent dangers such an action would entail. She would follow Crates everywhere and also perform some of the most difficult chores such as gathering firewood or collecting drinking water. Both these accounts cannot be verified since her works were not recognized by male thinkers. Is the child in need of special education (defined as “specially designed instruction”)? To protect your child's privacy, the law generally requires schools to ask for written consent before disclosing your child's personally identifiable information to … Free delivery on millions of items with Prime. Under FERPA, parents have the right to inspect and review their child’s education records and schools are expected to respond within 45 days of the information request. Every child has the right to an education. It was against this backdrop that Hipparchia, a native of Maronea, met and fell in love with the Cynic philosopher Crates. A child is allowed to take a device home if it is needed to enable him/her to benefit from his/her educational program as determined by the IEP team. Basic Rights of a citizen. Are Student Health linics “Health are Providers” under HIPAA? One parent was told her medically dependent children could not have nursing services in a classroom because of confidentiality issues. The most wonderful and precious element of universe is the human life which can only be guided by the right knowledge and right attitude. Hipparchia was seated besides Crates and was actively participating in every debate. But Theodorus does no wrong when he beats himself; therefore Hipparchia does no wrong when she beats Theodorus. The brother-and-sister team would then debate over various issues. At the time she met him, Crates was already an old man, but Hipparchia was determined to marry him and would not be dissuaded. Now Theodorus does no wrong when he strikes himself: therefore neither does Hipparchia do wrong when she strikes Theodorus. A grandparent or other caregiver who is acting in the absence of the parent(s) may also be considered a “parent” under FERPA. Low prices across earth's biggest selection of books, music, DVDs, electronics, computers, software, apparel & accessories, shoes, jewelry, tools & hardware, housewares, furniture, sporting goods, beauty & personal care, groceries & just about anything else. The other states, Hipparchia was afflicted by some sickness, possibly bubonic plague, and refused to take medicines or avail other cures due to her Cynic conformity. Her parents tried to talk Hipparchia out of her self-induced trance. They relinquished their possessions, obtained their basic needs by begging, and upheld the Cynic value of anaideia (shamelessness): any act sufficiently virtuous to be done in private is virtuous enough to be done in public. "-from Hipparchia's Choice A work of rare insight and irreverence, Hipparchia's Choice boldly recasts the history of philosophy from the pre-Socratics to the post-Derrideans as one of masculine texts and male problems. Her elder brother was Metrocles. Hipparchia swiftly countered him saying: “If it is not wrong for Theodorus to do a particular act, then it is not wrong for Hipparchia to do it. But Hipparchia showed no sign of alarm or of the perturbation natural in a woman. Source: 34 CFR § … Teacher and School Staff including food services, maintenance and operations, office and clerical, paraeducators, special services and administration enjoy a number of rights pertaining to their employment, including recognition of certain freedoms, prohibition against certain forms of disrimination, and significant protections against dismissal from their position. Her elder brother was Metrocles. Education Theory. 98. Though unverifiable, the newly married couple are claimed to have consummated their nuptial bond in public, in an unabashed show of the Cynic teachings of performing natural acts in public. 1. Hipparchia, a Cynic as she was, attended a major symposium in Athens which was attended by several renowned thinkers of the era. In what follows thisdefinition While Plato was the first to have thrown his Academy open to female students, none had dared to participate in a symposium. Article 1 of the United Nations Convention defines a child as anyhuman being below the age of eighteen years ‘unless,’ itadds, ‘under the law applicable to the child, majority isattained earlier’ (United Nations 1989). Depending on the severity of his or her cerebral palsy, you may be considering special education, or you may be considering mainstreaming" your child. Free speech encompasses a number of different areas, each with its own specific rules. Today more girls than ever go to school. However, tenure does not guarantee that a teacher may retain a particular position, such as a coaching position, nor does it provide indefinite employment. Hipparchia’s reaction to the outrageous comments and acts of Theodorus the Atheist soon became a legend in ancient Greece. The philosophers lived in poverty and together they embodied the fundamental Cynic principles: to live according to nature, thereby eschewing materialism - a principle which was believed to offer the clearest path to the good life; and they embraced self-sufficiency and reason. The history of women in philosophy is longer than you might suppose. In conformity with then prevalent traditions, Hipparchia’s parents sent her and her brother Metrocles to schools that were exclusively for children from aristocratic families. Conversely, a stepparent who is not present on a day-to-day basis in the home of the child does not have rights under FERPA with respect to the child’s education records. Most parents think…because many schools tell them… that because of the law (FERPA) schools must protect the confidentiality of students in the classroom. She is said to have delivered both these children effortlessly, which some historian credit to her athletic activity and the resulting strong physique. Hipparchia’s parents asked Crates to turn her away. She rejected younger, wealthier, more beautiful suitors because she had fallen in love with "both the discourses and the life" of Crates. schools and education agencies as important partners in protecting children and adolescents from health threats. b. Or, security videos can never be shared with parents. Diogenes Laertius has it that Hipparchia was so keen to marry Crates that she threatened to kill herself rather than live in any other way. At the time she met him, Crates was already an old man, but Hipparchia was determined to marry him and would not be dissuaded. Parents asked Crates to turn her away an empty rucksack with Crates would then over. He eventually left the venue Hipparchia embraced the Cynic philosopher too, having adopted the mantle in mid-teens! 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